stop用法, 例句, 詳解

stop 用法 1：究竟是stop doing 還是stop to do？

問：“I’m very tired.” “We really should stop ___________.”
A. to study
B. from studying
C. of studying
D. studying
我認為這道題也可以選A。因動詞stop 如同begin, cease 既可接動名詞，也可接動詞不定詞。

答：這是一個有關stop 用法的很有趣語言現象。動詞begin, start, cease 後接動名詞和後接動詞不定詞意義是相同的。但是動詞stop 後接動名詞和後接動詞不定詞，意義卻完全不同。

1. He stopped talking. (動名詞talking 作stop 的受詞) 他停止了談話。
2. He stopped to talk. (to talk 作stop 的目的副詞) 他停下來去談話。
3. It has stopped raining. 雨停了。
4. We stopped to have a rest. 我們停下來休息一會兒。

stop 用法 2：stop sb. doing 與 stop sb. from doing的分別

問：(A) What can stop us going?
(B) What can stop us from going?
請問stop sb. doing 與stop sb. from doing 有何區別？

答：現代語言學家們認為上面兩個有關stop 用法結構的意思是相同的，也就是說，句(B) 中的from 是可有可無的。請看下面的實例：

1. We all tired to stop him smoking in bed but he would do it. 我們大家試圖阻止他在床上吸煙，但他就是不聽。
2. Nothing would stop me from achieving my ambition. 什麼事情也阻止不了我去實現我的抱負。

此外，stop 用法還有一種同義表達方式：

What can stop our going?
有什麼能阻止我們去呢？

上面的說法完全適用於prevent, prohibit。請參考下面的實例：

1. Have you been instructed to prevent me entering? 你是否得到指示阻止我進去？
2. My only idea was to prevent him from speaking… 我唯一的想法, 就是阻止他說出去⋯⋯
3. The country has a law prohibiting employees from striking… 這個國家有一項禁止雇員罷工的法律⋯⋯
4. His small size prohibits his becoming a policeman. 他個兒太小，使得他當不上員警。