詞性(Parts of Speech)
使用相同的單詞,但運用在不同的詞性(parts of speech)下會很容易產生英文病句,例如名詞當作動詞用。當英語表達事物時的方式和使用中文單詞有出入時,錯誤運用詞性的情況就會出現。例如,名詞“loss”可能與動詞“lose”或形容詞“lost”互相混淆。以下練習題目是錯用詞性的經典例子。
I ________ the road.
錯了!
“cross”是動詞,“across”一般作為介係詞使用。
He sings very _______.
錯了!
修飾動詞時需要運用副詞。由於“sing”是動詞,如要修飾它,我們必須要運用副詞“badly”。如果我們將動詞變為名詞,我們就需要形容詞來修飾,例如:His singing is very bad。
The smog is making it hard to _______.
錯了!
“breath”是名詞。“breathe”才是動詞。
I'll ______ chocolates as my prize
錯了!
“choice”是名詞。“choose”是動詞。如你想以“choice”來造句,可以這樣:My choice is chocolates。
You should have ________ in your own ability.
錯了!
“confident”是形容詞。“confidence”是名詞。你亦可寫為:You should be confident in your own ability。
The city centre was very _______.
錯了!
要將名詞”crowed“轉為形容詞”crowded”。你亦可以寫:There was a big crowed in the city centre。
There is no crossing on that road, so the pedestrians are _________.
錯了!
“in danger“是有性命威脅或處於危險困境。”dangerous“是形容詞。
They found him in the desert, but the was ____.
錯了!
“was“後面要加形容詞,所有”dead“才正確。請注意:”was died“是被動句式,由於”die”是不及物的(intransitive),所以我們不能用被動句式的。
which sentence is correct?
錯了!
中文說:他很容易生病。這句話用英語表達是不恰當的,因為第一句的”easy“會變為修飾”he“。如要修飾生病(get sick),我們就需要副詞,即”easily“。
I am _________ of dogs.
錯了!
“afraid”是形容詞。“fear”是名詞或動詞。“fear”一般適用於以下句子:He needs to get over his fear of flying. (名詞);Many children fear the dark. (動詞 - 沒有“of”)。
The fair's success was due to our _________.
錯了!
“due to”後面必須是名詞或名詞組。“hard-working”是形容詞。“work”是名詞,經“hard”修飾後變為名詞組。
It is _______ to say who will win.
錯了!
“It is”後必須有形容詞或名詞,不可以是動詞。事實上“hardly”解作“幾乎不能”,例如:I can hardly hear you with all this noise(太吵嘈了,我近乎聽不到你講話)。
I like watching ____ movies.
錯了!
這裡我們以名詞“horror”來修飾另一名詞“movie”,成為名詞組,表達電影的類別為恐怖電影。“horrible”是形容詞,表達令人不愉快的感覺。如果觀眾看完這套電影後覺得是一部好電影,他們會說是good movie,但如果覺得電影是一文不值,這時候他們就可以說這套電影是horrible movie。
Joseph has a very _______ job.
錯了!
“important”是形容詞“t”字尾。“importance”是名詞。例句:Josephine has a very important job and he understands the importance of doing a good job.
They looked _______.
錯了!
運用單字“look”表示某人“樣子開來像......”,後面一定要跟形容詞。但如果“look”加上介係詞運用如“look at”、“look for”,後面一定是名詞,並可以加上副詞來修飾。
She hopes she will ____ weight.
錯了!
“lose”是動詞。”loss“是名詞。例如:The doctor noticed a loss of weight.
There was a _____ noise in the street.
錯了!
“loud”是形容詞來修飾“noise”。”loudly“是副詞,例如:He shouted loudly for help。
Many people believe the colour red will bring them ______.
錯了!
“luck”是名詞。“lucky”是形容詞,例如:Many people believe the colour red will make them lucky.
I woke up in the _____ of the night.
錯了!
“mid”不能獨自被用作名詞,一般都要配合其他單詞運用,例如“midnight”或“mid-year”。
My building is just _____ the supermarket.
錯了!
這句子需要介係詞“near”。“nearby”是形容詞,例句:I shopped at the nearby supermarket. / My cousin lives nearby.。
He wanted to _____ his ability.
錯了!
“proof”是名詞。“prove”是動詞。
They are very _______.
錯了!
“success”是名詞。“succeed”是動詞。“successful”是形容詞。例句:You will succeed. / You will have a lot of success. / You will be successful.
I ________ you play more sport.
錯了!
“suggest”是動詞。“suggestion”是名詞。
Several ________ were outside the cinema.
錯了!
"teenagers"解作“年青人。”teenage“解作”年輕。
I wanted to _______ myself.
錯了!
“weigh”是動詞。“weight”是名詞,但當“weight”用作為表示加固時,也可以是動詞,例句:The fishing net is weighted down with stones.