假期英文説法1(holiday, vacation, leave的區別):
問:holiday, vacation與 leave都是假期英文。它們之間有無區别?
答:單數形式的假期英文“holiday”可指一兩日的短暫假日:
長的假期英文常用複數形式 holidays,但也可用單數形式 holiday
- When do the summer holidays begin? 暑假什度時候開始?
- But she went to France for a holiday. 但是她去法國度假了。
- I shall be getting a whole month’s holiday. 我將有整整一個月的假期
假期英文vacation主要用於美式英語,既可表示長時間的假期,也可指一兩天的短暫的假日:
- Where are you going for your vacation? 你到哪裡去度假?
- The college is closed during (the) vacation. 學院假期不開放。
在英式英語裡,英國大學和律師業也使用 vacation這個詞作為假期英文。例如,英國大學常用“the long vac”來表示暑假。
leave主要指軍人或官員的假期英文或病假、事假:
- The soldiers are given two leaves each year. 士兵們一年可放兩次假期。
- Will you be taking your leave in South Africa? 你會在南非度假嗎?
小練習:請選出正確的答案
1. I’m going away for a ________.
A. holiday of a week
B. week holiday
C. holiday week
D. weeks holiday
2. “How about them?” “Bill and Betty travelled a long distance ________ their vacation.”
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. about
假期英文説法2(on holidays/on holidays):
問:M. Swan在Basic English Usage一書中:“在on holiday道片語裏,holiday總是用單數。I met her on holiday in Norway.”但是,下列試題卻要求使用 on holidays:
It’s no use ringing me at the office this week because I’m _______.
A. by my leave
B. at leave
C. in holidays
D. on holidays (Nelson, 400B)
答:按照英語用法, holiday作“假日”解時,用單数或用複數都是正確的假期英文,而且意思相同。不能認上句中的 on holidays是指多次度假。請注意,在種用法下,holiday(s)一般不帶冠詞,但其形容詞可用所有格:
根據我們手頭的資料,英語原著中使用 on holidays的實例較少,而使用 on holiday的實例較多:
- Mr. Smith is on holiday at present. 史密斯先生目前正在度假。
- They went on holiday last week. 他們上周去度假。
假期英文説法3(on holiday(s)/in the holiday(s)):
問:It’s no use ringing me at the office this week because I’m ________.
A. by my leave
B. at leave
C in holidays
D. on holidays
上道題的答案為D(on holidays),難道不能選C(in holidays)嗎?
答:按照英語慣用法,當 holiday作“假日”解時,一般使用介係詞on,並且不用冠詞,例句見上題用法2。當 holiday作“假期”解時,一般使用介係詞in,並且帶定冠詞the:
in the summer holiday/in my winter holiday
在上道試題中,holiday作“假日”解,並且無冠詞,故 on holiday(s)的用法是正確的假期英文。