according to 用法1:
問:According to me this is quite unexpected.
請問這個句子有什麼錯誤?
答:見下面 according to 用法3。
According to 用法2(according to/according as):
問: according to 用法與 according as有無區别?
答:應當弄清楚,according to 用法中的to是介系詞,而 according as中的as是連接詞,因此前者是複合介系詞,與名詞丶代名詞丶動名詞連用,而後者是複合連接詞,與引導子句連用。請比較下列實例:
- According to this book a tiger is really a big cat. 按照這本書的說法,老虎實際上就是一種大貓。
- The thermometer rises or falls according as the air is hot or cold. 溫度計隨空氣的熱冷而升降。
- You will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad. 你將依照你工作的好壞而受到獎懲。
According to 用法3(according to/by):
問:(A) By my watch it is ten o’clock.
(B) According to my watch it is ten o’clock.
by和 according to 用法都作“按照”、“依照”、“根據”解,它們是否可以互換?
答:只有指非常確定的事物(如the clock, the term(s), the voice, the timetable, his appearance, the smell等)時,by和 according to才是可以互換的。注意,用於此種含義的by不能用在指人的名詞或代名詞之前,但:by his(her, their) own admission(根據他(她丶他們)自己的承認)。還要注意,according to只能表示來自其他人或來源的訊息,而不能表示來自說話者本人的訊息。可以說 according to him,但不能說 according to me。此外,according to還不能與 opinion連用(【錯】 according to my opinion,應為:in my opinion)。請參考下列實例:
- The road was some forty miles long according to my map. 按照我的地圖,這條路大有四十英里長。
- He is rich by Chinese standards. 按中國的標準來看,他是個富人。
- Do not judge a person by his looks. 不要以貌取人。