due to 用法
問:《英語常用詞用法辭典》(修訂版)(北大西系編,商務印書館,1985年)指出:
“due to”只能引導述語,例如:
These are errors due to sheer carelessness.
這些錯誤純粹是由於粗心而引起的。
誤:Due to certain unforeseen circumstances, we didn’t start yesterday. (pp.108 -109)
但是我在實際閱讀中經常讀到 due to引導副詞的句子,這使我感到很迷惑。
答:傳統文法學家們不厭其煩地申明,due to 用法只可引導 adjective phrase(形容詞片語),而絕不可引導 adverbial phrase(副詞片語)。
但是,英語的發展早已衝破了這個框框。連以測驗學生純粹標凖書面英語能力為己任的 TOEFL也常常使用 due to 用法來引導 adverbial phrase,即用 due to來代替 because of或 owing to:
- Only three new sites were built in this city due to a decrease in business activity and prices rising. 在這道改錯題中應將 prices rising改為an increase in price而 due to是沒有錯誤的。
英美等國的權威的英語辭典和文法著作,也不乏這種due to用法:
- Joe’s application to the university was not accepted due to his failing English.
- He was late due to an accident.
建議:我們不應該再用 due to不能引導副詞的框框來考學生。這既不能提高學生的閲讀能力和寫作能力,也不利於擴大他們的視野。